Deep neural networks for estimation of gamma-ray burst redshifts

While the available set of Gamma-ray Burst (GRB) data with known redshift is currently limited, a much larger set of GRB data without redshift is available from different instruments. This data includes well-measured prompt gamma-ray flux and spectral information. We estimate the redshift of a selection of these GRBs detected by Fermi-GBM and Konus-Wind using Machine Learning techniques that are based on spectral parameters. We find that Deep Neural Networks with Random Forest models employing non-linear relations among input parameters can reasonably reproduce the pseudo-redshift distribution of GRBs, mimicking the distribution of GRBs with spectroscopic redshift. Furthermore, we find that the pseudo-redshift samples of GRBs satisfy (i) Amati relation between the peak photon energy of the time-averaged energy spectrum in the cosmological rest frame of the GRB Ei, p and the isotropic-equivalent radiated energy Eiso during the prompt phase; and (ii) Yonetoku relation between Ei, p and isotropic-equivalent luminosity Liso, both measured during the peak flux interval.

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06TheReLUactivationfunctionisdefinedas: 𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑢 ( 𝑧 ) = 𝑚𝑎𝑥 ( 0 , 𝑧 ) ( 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = ( 0 , 𝑤 0 + 𝑤 1 + 𝑤 2 + ... + 𝑤 𝑚 + 𝑏 )
07ComputerAidedChemicalEngineering49

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