Echo-DND: A dual noise diffusion model for robust and precise left ventricle segmentation in echocardiography

Recent advancements in diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have revolutionized image processing, demonstrating significant potential in medical applications. Accurate segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) in echocardiograms is crucial for diagnostic procedures and necessary treatments. However, ultrasound images are notoriously noisy with low contrast and ambiguous LV boundaries, thereby complicating the segmentation process. To address these challenges, this paper introduces Echo-DND, a novel dual-noise diffusion model specifically designed for this task. Echo-DND leverages a unique combination of Gaussian and Bernoulli noises. It also incorporates a multi-scale fusion conditioning module to improve segmentation precision. Furthermore, it utilizes spatial coherence calibration to maintain spatial integrity in segmentation masks. The model’s performance was rigorously validated on the CAMUS and EchoNet-Dynamic datasets. Extensive evaluations demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms existing state-of-the-art models. It achieves high Dice scores of 0.962 and 0.939 on these datasets, respectively. The proposed Echo-DND model establishes a new standard in echocardiogram segmentation, and its architecture holds promise for broader applicability in other medical imaging tasks, potentially improving diagnostic accuracy across various medical domains. The key contributions are as follows: We introduce Echo-DND, a dual noise diffusion model, which seamlessly integrates both Gaussian and Bernoulli noises in a singular diffusion pipeline. We propose a multi-scale fusion-based efficient conditioning technique that uses multi-resolution feature extraction and cross-resolution fusion for enhanced boundary delineation. Our training method incorporates a pixel-wise spatial coherence calibration technique that complements the diffusion-based segmentation process, ensuring superior segmentation outcomes. We introduce Echo-DND, a dual noise diffusion model, which seamlessly integrates both Gaussian and Bernoulli noises in a singular diffusion pipeline. We propose a multi-scale fusion-based efficient conditioning technique that uses multi-resolution feature extraction and cross-resolution fusion for enhanced boundary delineation. Our training method incorporates a pixel-wise spatial coherence calibration technique that complements the diffusion-based segmentation process, ensuring superior segmentation outcomes.