Question Answering using Web Lists

There are many natural questions that are best answered with a list. We address the problem of answering such questions using lists that occur on the Web, i.e. List Question Answering (ListQA). The diverse formats of lists on the Web makes this task challenging. We describe state-of-the-art methods for list extraction and ranking, that also consider the text surrounding the lists as context. Due to the lack of realistic public datasets for ListQA, we present three novel datasets that together are realistic, reproducible and test out-of-domain generalization. We benchmark the above steps on these datasets, with and without context. On the hardest setting (realistic and out-of-domain), we achieve an end-to-end [email protected] of 51.28% and [email protected] of 79.38%, effectively demonstrating the difficulty of the task and quantifying the immediate opportunity for improvement. We highlight some future directions through error analysis and release the datasets for further research.