Frame Detection in German Political Discourses: How Far Can We Go Without Large-Scale Manual Corpus Annotation?

Automated detection of frames in political discourses has gained increasing attention in natural language processing (NLP). However, earlier studies in this area focus heavily on frame detection in English using supervised machine learning approaches. Addressing the difficulty of the lack of annotated data for training and evaluating supervised models for low-resource languages, we investigate the potential of two NLP approaches that do not require large-scale manual corpus annotation from scratch: 1) LDA-based topic modelling, and 2) a combination of word2vec embeddings and handcrafted framing keywords based on a novel, expert-curated framing schema. We test these approaches using an original corpus consisting of German-language news articles on the "European Refugee Crisis" between 2014-2018. We show that while topic modelling is insufficient in detecting frames in a dataset with highly homogeneous vocabulary, our second approach yields intriguing and more humanly interpretable results. This approach offers a promising opportunity to incorporate domain knowledge from political science and NLP techniques for exploratory political text analyses.