AI-empowered social internet of things and crowdsensing applications

During the past several years, extensive research has been done on various smart technologies and machine learning methodologies [1–23]. The Internet of Things (IoT) [24–31] is one such emerging technology that is gaining a reputation. It will connect billions of objects with one another. It is an example of a paradigm shift where bridges are created between humans, devices, and other objects. It explains how the physical world acts intelligently in the digital world. In this magnificent world even objects like actuators and sensors have their own separate identities too. Actually, it is a combination of different emerging modern technologies. For example, in the IoT, wireless sensor networks (WSNs), artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI and ML), data analytics and big data, is used. WSNs are based on a combination of different sensors used for different purposes. It is still in its infancy stage and significant research works are going on for improvement over the previous ones.