Artificial Intelligence in Human Resource Management: Organizational Justice, Ethical Tensions, and the Reconfiguration of HR Roles

The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in Human Resource Management (HRM) has transformed organizational practices, raising both opportunities and ethical challenges. This study presents a conceptual and critical analysis of AI-enabled HRM through the lens of organizational justice, examining how AI characteristics—such as transparency, explainability, and data integrity—shape employees’ perceptions of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice. Drawing on a systematic review of high-impact literature (Colquitt et al., 2013; Floridi et al., 2018; Lepri et al., 2018; Davenport & Ronanki, 2018), the study develops a conceptual framework linking these perceptions to key organizational outcomes, including trust, ethical climate, legitimacy, and employee acceptance. The framework also considers moderating influences of human oversight, organizational culture, and regulatory context. Findings highlight that while AI can enhance efficiency and personalization in HRM, insufficient attention to ethical governance, fairness, and transparency may undermine trust and organizational legitimacy. This study provides practical guidance for managers and HR professionals on implementing AI responsibly and identifies avenues for future empirical research to test and extend the proposed framework.