In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has increasingly influenced security systems, moving beyond a purely technological innovation to a factor that reshapes decision-making, institutional frameworks, and strategic stability. While prior literature emphasizes operational capabilities such as automation, efficiency, and threat prediction, less attention has been paid to AI’s political, institutional, and normative impacts, particularly how it transforms security actors and affects traditional governance mechanisms. This study aims to analyze AI’s role in contemporary security systems and evaluate its implications for state military doctrines, decision-making processes, and international security governance. The research employs a qualitative, theoretical-analytical design, integrating three complementary methods: (1) theoretical analysis, reviewing AI concepts and its integration in military, strategic, and political systems, including relevant academic and institutional literature; (2) document analysis of official strategic policies, military doctrines, and international reports from the United States, China, Russia, NATO, UN, and EU; and (3) comparative analysis of the three states to identify strategic differences in AI implementation. This approach allows a structured assessment of AI’s political and security significance across different national contexts. Analysis shows that AI accelerates decision-making processes, alters the distribution of responsibilities, and affects the quality of decisions within the security domain. While AI does not fully replace human actors, it increases escalation risks, generates normative and institutional challenges, and complicates the maintenance of strategic stability within existing legal frameworks. Comparative analysis reveals different state-level strategies for AI deployment, reflecting technological ambitions, the pursuit of power, military dominance, and impacts on the global security system. AI functions as a structural transformer of the global security system, necessitating adaptations in security policy, institutional oversight, and international regulation. The study demonstrates that AI’s integration reshapes state security doctrines and governance mechanisms, underlining the need for coordinated, normative, and policy-oriented responses to emerging risks.
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Artificial Intelligence and the Conceptual Framework of Global Security
Semantic Scholar · 2025
Abstract
In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has increasingly influenced security systems, moving beyond a purely technological innovation to a factor that reshapes decision-making, institutional frameworks, and strategic stability. While prior literature emphasizes operational capabilities such as automation, efficiency, and threat prediction, less attention has been paid to AI’s political, institutional, and normative impacts, particularly how it transforms security actors and affects traditional governance mechanisms. This study aims to analyze AI’s role in contemporary security systems and evaluate its implications for state military doctrines, decision-making processes, and international security governance. The research employs a qualitative, theoretical-analytical design, integrating three complementary methods: (1) theoretical analysis, reviewing AI concepts and its integration in military, strategic, and political systems, including relevant academic and institutional literature; (2) document analysis of official strategic policies, military doctrines, and international reports from the United States, China, Russia, NATO, UN, and EU; and (3) comparative analysis of the three states to identify strategic differences in AI implementation. This approach allows a structured assessment of AI’s political and security significance across different national contexts. Analysis shows that AI accelerates decision-making processes, alters the distribution of responsibilities, and affects the quality of decisions within the security domain. While AI does not fully replace human actors, it increases escalation risks, generates normative and institutional challenges, and complicates the maintenance of strategic stability within existing legal frameworks. Comparative analysis reveals different state-level strategies for AI deployment, reflecting technological ambitions, the pursuit of power, military dominance, and impacts on the global security system. AI functions as a structural transformer of the global security system, necessitating adaptations in security policy, institutional oversight, and international regulation. The study demonstrates that AI’s integration reshapes state security doctrines and governance mechanisms, underlining the need for coordinated, normative, and policy-oriented responses to emerging risks.