AUTOMATIC GENERATION OF CLARIFICATION QUESTIONS FOR CONVERSATIONAL SEARCH

Training a machine learning language model to generate clarification questions for use in conversational search, including: Obtaining multiple dialogs between users and agents, each dialog including messages exchanged between a user and an agent, wherein one of the messages of each dialog includes a reference to a solution document provided by the agent. For each of the dialogs, operating a search engine to retrieve a text passage, relevant to at least one of the messages of the respective dialog, from the respective solution document. Training a machine learning language model to generate a new clarification question given at least one new message and multiple new text passages, wherein the training is based on a training set which comprises, for each of the dialogs: said at least one of the messages of the respective dialog, and the text passage retrieved for the respective dialog.