PURCHASING PACE CONTROL IN A REAL-TIME BIDDING ENVIRONMENT USING A MULTI-LOOP CONTROL SCHEME

A method for controlling a purchasing pace in a real-time bidding environment is provided. A pacing parameter is dynamically adjusted using a multi-loop control algorithm including an outer control loop and an inner control loop, wherein the outer control loop outputs a control parameter, and the inner control loop uses this control parameter as an input and outputs a current value of the pacing parameter, which is adjusted over time by the multi-loop control algorithm. A series of bid requests generated by a real-time bidding exchange are received, each identifying a respective available ad placement in a respective webpage being loaded. For each received bid request, a decision is made in real-time, during the loading of the respective webpage, whether to submit a bid to purchase the respective ad placement based at least on the current value of the dynamically adjusted pacing parameter.